Ethnobotany in Santiago Nejapilla, Oaxaca: biocultural knowledge at risk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62059/LatArXiv.preprints.696Keywords:
Biocultural knowledge, Asteraceae, Bromeliaceae, EndemicAbstract
Oaxaca is one of the most biodiverse states in Mexico and is home to 16 ethnic groups, demonstrating the richness of its biocultural heritage. Understanding the uses of plants is essential to ensuring food security, health, and ecological balance. Therefore, this study sought to document the plant species that the community of Santiago Nejapilla has historically used and conserved. Five field trips were conducted during different seasons (April 2022 to March 2024). Botanical collections were made, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with community members. The results were analyzed by calculating use value indices and performing cluster analysis. A total of 109 useful plant species were recorded, 35 of which are endemic to Mexico (32.11%). The most relevant families were Asteraceae, Bromeliaceae, and Fagaceae. The main reported uses were forage, food, medicinal, and ornamental. The genera with the greatest cultural significance were Tillandsia and Quercus. The most frequently treated ailments are related to the digestive system; however, those associated with cultural practices, such as cleansing rituals and curses, remain part of the community's daily life. Given the significant number of endemic and endangered species, the management and conservation of biodiversity in the region is a priority. Cluster analysis revealed that the population shares collective knowledge about the use of plants; however, the transmission of this knowledge is at risk due to ecological and social factors: ongoing migration, loss of the native language, and limited promotion of traditional knowledge.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ana María Soriano Martínez, M. en C. Héctor Serrano Casas, Bióloga Araceli Celia Tejero Gervacio (Autor/a)
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