Clinical profile and outcomes of hospitalized patients in internal medicine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62059/4angr351Keywords:
internal medicine, hospitalization, inpatient care, epidemiology, retrospective studyAbstract
Introduction: Hospital-based epidemiological studies provide information on the frequency and distribution of diseases and support clinical decision-making. Objectives: Describe the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients. Organize and classify causes of admission. Analyze factors related to patient outcomes. Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analitic, observational, retrospective study was conducted. All patients admitted over a one-year period to the Internal Medicine Service were included. Epidemiological data, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and outcome-related variables were analyzed. Results: A total of 2,304 patients were included; 60.9% were men. Median age was 48 years. The most common causes of admission were infectious diseases, cancer, and mental health disorders. The most frequent comorbidities were overweight or obesity, smoking, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Complications occurred in 24.2% of cases. Median length of hospital stay was 7 days, and in-hospital mortality was 4.5%. Age, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, multiple comorbidities and risk habits were significantly associated with 30-day readmission, complications and need for procedures, prolonged hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. Conclusions: Analysis of local hospital data identifies factors associated with adverse outcomes and supports evidence-based decision-making. These findings provide a basis for planning targeted interventions and future analytical studies.References
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